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How to fit Passive Infra-red (PIR) detectors How to fit Passive Infra-red (PIR) detectors
This article outlines the steps in fitting Passive Infra-red (PIR) and Dual Technology (PIR and Microwave combined) detectors to an alarm system.

Introduction

PIRs are powered detectors and are wired using a minimum of 6 cores (2 for alarm, 2 for tamper, and 2 for 12v power). The 12v power supply is taken from the control panel Aux supply. The power supply is connected to each detector in parallel not serial as with the alarm and tamper circuits - refer to the diagram showing the connections for multiple powered detectors.

Fitting PIR Detectors

The procedure described below refers to a PIR detector but can be applied to any powered detector.
  1. Decide on the positioning of the detector bearing the following in mind.
    • PIR detectors should not be fitted where they are likely to pick up spurious heat sources, i.e. not in direct sunlight, not directly above boilers or radiators, nor in rooms which get hot (conservatories etc.). In the latter case a Dual Technology detector should be fitted.
    • All types of detector should be fitted to a stable surface.
    • In the case of PIRs, the detector should be fitted in such a position that detection of movement is across the detector, not towards or away from it.
  2. Remove any break-outs from the rear of the detector required for the cable entry and fixing holes - Do not make the hole for the cable entry larger than is absolutely necessary. Note: the PCB may have to be removed. CAUTION: do not touch the lens on a PIR detector.
  3. Run the cable from the control panel through any holes in walls and through the rear of the detector.
  4. Connect the cable to the detector as shown in the diagram (core colours are arbitrary). Do not strip more of the outer sheath than is necessary.
  5. Ensure that the cable cannot be pulled out of the detector by either securing the cable inside the detector using a cable tie or simply fixing a cable tie round the cable such that it cannot be pulled through the cable entry hole or where space permits tieing a single knot in the cable.
  6. Fix the backplate of the detector to the wall or ceiling and pull the cable back through the detector refitting the PCB if required. In the case of PIRs adjust the PCB to the mounting height by positioning the PCB.
  7. Fit the detector cover.
  8. Connect the detectors power supply and allow the detector to warm-up (~ 30 secs). Check that the detector responds to movement in the protected area using its LED (the LED can be disabled later if required).
  9. Check that the alarm circuit is switching correctly at the control panel using a continuity tester or by connecting to a zone.
  10. For PIR detectors, remove the detector cover and seal any holes in the backplate against insect intrusuion with silicone sealant (like the stuff for bath surrounds).
  11. Secure the cable at a point close to the detector and then secure the cable back to the panel. Work towards the panel such that any slack is at the panel end.
  12. Connect the alarm cores into the 2 zone terminals and the tamper cores into the global tamper circuit - see below.
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